Answer: I do not believe so, and I would not expect this to occur. If anything, the opposite is true. Sometimes, sexual activity brings on a woman's period a day or two early.
There are many things that can delay a woman's menstrual period, like stress and worrying. As can changes in diet and exercise. During puberty and the teen years, the length of your menstrual cycles may vary considerably.
Masturbation is beneficial and I am not aware that it ever causes adverse affects on a woman's life, unless you over indulge and cause a little soreness or irritation. Your body doesn't know the difference between partnered sex and masturbation. Your body responds the same during both activities, with perhaps only varying levels of guilt, which can certainly have physical manifestations.